Why Chikungunya Is Making a Comeback After 20 Years — Know the Symptoms and Risks in India

After two decades, Chikungunya is re-emerging as a serious public health threat. The World Health Organization (WHO) has issued a global alert, warning that mutations in the virus—similar to those seen 20 years ago—have resurfaced. The disease, which has spread to 119 countries, currently puts 5.6 billion people at risk, including in India.

Why is Chikungunya Rising Again?

Health experts say the mutation in the virus strain has triggered renewed concern. In countries like India, where mosquito-borne illnesses like dengue and malaria are already prevalent, Chikungunya adds another layer of risk—especially during the monsoon season, when mosquito breeding peaks.

Is India at High Risk?

According to public health expert Dr. Sameer Bhati, while Chikungunya outbreaks are not yet widespread in India, caution is crucial. The disease is transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes, which are more active during daylight hours.

When these mosquitoes bite, the Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) enters the bloodstream and rapidly spreads, targeting joints, muscles, and the nervous system. This results in severe pain and fatigue, sometimes lasting for weeks or even months.

Key Symptoms of Chikungunya

Symptoms usually appear 2–7 days after infection and come on suddenly. The most common signs include:

• High fever

• Intense joint and muscle pain (can be debilitating)

• Severe fatigue

• Headache

• Nausea and vomiting

• Chills

• Red rashes across the body

• Eye pain and swelling

In some cases, symptoms mimic dengue, making diagnosis challenging. Children, the elderly, and people with weak immunity are especially vulnerable and may face long-term health issues.

How to Protect Yourself

You can significantly reduce the risk of infection by taking the following precautions:

Eliminate stagnant water near your home (buckets, pots, tires).

Wear full-sleeved clothing and cover exposed skin.

Use mosquito repellents and coils, especially during the day.

Install mosquito nets or mesh on windows and doors.

Seek immediate medical advice if you experience fever or joint pain.